How does the secondary voltage of a transformer relate to the number of windings?

In a transformer, the relationship between the primary and secondary voltage is determined by the turns ratio, which is the ratio of the number of windings in the primary coil to the number of windings in the secondary coil. When the number of windings in the secondary coil is increased relative to the primary coil, the transformer can step up the voltage.

This principle is based on Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, which states that the induced voltage in a coil is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux and the number of turns. Therefore, a greater number of turns in the secondary winding results in a higher voltage being induced across that coil, provided the primary winding has a certain voltage applied to it.

In contrast, if there are more windings in the primary, it would usually lead to a step-down transformer scenario where the secondary voltage would be lower relative to the primary voltage, which can also lead to the alternate understanding that more primary turns can mean less voltage at the secondary if nothing else changes. The correct understanding involves recognizing that the turns ratio is key and that having more windings in the secondary relative to the primary inherently leads to a higher output voltage. Thus, having more windings in the secondary indeed correlates directly to higher