What happens to resistance when temperature increases in a conductor?

When temperature increases in a conductor, the resistance typically increases due to the nature of how electrons behave in a material. In metallic conductors, raising the temperature causes the atoms to vibrate more intensely. This increased vibrational energy leads to more frequent collisions between the flowing electrons and the atoms of the conductor. As a result, the electrons experience greater opposition to their flow, which manifests as an increase in resistance.

This phenomenon is particularly significant in metals, where resistance is closely tied to temperature. The relationship can often be quantified using a temperature coefficient of resistance, which indicates how much the resistance changes with a temperature change. In contrast, some materials, such as semiconductors, may exhibit different behaviors, such as decreasing resistance with increasing temperature, but in the context of conductors, particularly metals, the established behavior is that resistance increases with temperature.