What is the function of a circuit breaker?

A circuit breaker serves the essential function of protecting electrical circuits from overloads and short circuits. When an excess current flows through the system, which can occur due to too many devices being connected or faults in the wiring, the circuit breaker detects this abnormality. It reacts by interrupting the current, thereby preventing potential damage to electrical components and reducing the risk of fire hazards.

The ability of a circuit breaker to automatically restore the circuit once the problem is addressed makes it a reliable safety feature in electrical systems. Unlike devices that increase voltage or regulate current flow, the primary role of a circuit breaker is to act as a safety mechanism rather than an active participant in enhancing or managing the electrical characteristics of the circuit.